Task analysis: breaking routines into small steps
A task that's hard to do all at once isn't something your child can't do. It just hasn't been broken down enough yet.
What is task analysis
Task analysis means breaking one task into small actions in order. For example, "wash your hands" becomes "turn on the water → add soap → rub → rinse → dry."
Tips for breaking it down well
- Do it yourself as you write. If you only picture it in your head, you'll miss steps
- Write actions you can see. "Rub the backs of your hands" instead of "get them clean"
- One action per sentence. If you need "and," split it into two
- Break down only the steps that get stuck. Steps your child does well can be combined
- Start with 3 to 7 cards. If it's too long, split the routine in two
How far should you break it down
There's no single right answer. If your child can look at the card and start on their own, it's broken down enough. If they often stop at one card, try splitting just that card into two or three.
In ELUM, you can add cards, change the order and split a card into smaller steps right from the caregiver screen.
Action card example: washing hands
- 1Turn on the waterWet your hands
- 2Add soapPress the pump once
- 3Rub your handsPalms, backs, between fingers
- 4RinseUntil the bubbles are gone
- 5Dry with a towelWipe off the water
All done: a high five
Frequently asked questions
How do I break down getting dressed?
Make one card each in this order: underwear → top → pants → socks. If buttons or zippers are hard, give that part its own card.
What if there are too many steps?
Split the routine in two. For example, make 'getting ready in the morning' into separate 'washing up' and 'getting dressed' routines.
This article is a guide for everyday routines. ELUM does not replace diagnosis or treatment.
Read next
What are action cards? How to make a visual scheduleAction cards show one task per card with a picture. Learn why a visual schedule is easier to follow, plus steps and examples for making one at home.
Making a morning routine chart for schoolA morning routine chart for school days that means fewer "hurry up"s. How to set the order, what to do the night before, and action card examples.